Volkow, N
Using Z72.0 when dependence criteria are met understates the clinical picture and may affect quality metrics
Assemblymembers Tasha Boerner Horvath, D-Encinitas, Rob Bonta, D-Oakland, David Chiu, D-San Francisco, Marc Levine, D-Marin County, Kevin Mullin, D-South San Francisco, Patrick ODonnell, D-Long Beach, Cottie Petrie-Norris, D-Laguna Beach, Luz Rivas, D-Arleta, Mark Stone, D-Monterey Bay, Phil Ting, D-San Francisco, and Buffy Wicks, D-Oakland, are also coauthors
Furthermore, compared with the use of either product alone or total abstinence from tobacco use, the dual use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and combustible tobacco is significantly associated with incident respiratory symptoms
Use F17.210 when the patient is actively dependent on cigarettes but not experiencing a nicotine withdrawal syndrome