In addition, the mRNA expression of BMAL1 , PER2 , and CRY1 in visceral fat is closely related to the increase in waist circumference which is an indicator of metabolic syndrome ( The second is that the circadian clock system may control the rate-limiting steps of the metabolic process (Panda et al., 2002)
These alterations include biochemical defects, such as impaired control of glutamate metabolism (the major neurotransmitter) [304], as well as the loss of synaptic activity and dendrites [305], apoptosis of neurons primarily in the ganglion cell and inner nuclear layers [306,307], and the activation of microglial cells that may protect the inner retina from injury and contribute to the inflammatory response [308]
Chaudhuri A, Janicke D, Wilson MF, Tripathy D, Garg R, Bandyopadhyay A, Calieri J, Hoffmeyer D, Syed T, Ghanim H, Aljada A, Dandona P
The protective effect of astaxanthin on the ganglion cell complex in glutamate/aspartate transporter deficient mice, a model of normal tension glaucoma, analyzed by spectral domain-optical coherence tomography
DeGregorio-Rocasolano, N
