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Lower NAD+ means reduced sirtuin activity (SIRT1, SIRT3), which further impairs mitochondrial function and fatty acid oxidation in fat cells
As intracellular GSH is exhausted, the GSH synthesis system will be activated accordingly, which would weaken the efficacy of GSH exhaustion-based cancer therapies in long-term treatment (Niu et al., 2021)
1.2 Adverse Outcome Pathways and Aggregate Exposure Pathways The AOP offers a structured framework to illustrate the underlying biological mechanisms, connecting a molecular initiating event (MIE) through a series of key events (KE) up to the occurrence of an adverse outcome (AO) at the organism or population level (36)
Mult Scler
Furthermore, the activities of endogenous antioxidant enzymes including SOD and GPx in erythrocytes and whole blood were markedly suppressed in untreated mild hypertensive patients than in age-matched healthy controls (152)
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