The physiological response to exogenous testosterone is further modulated by individual genetic variability, particularly polymorphisms of the androgen receptor gene, which contribute to substantial interindividual differences in efficacy and adverse effect profiles ( The principal mechanisms of action of testosterone include: stimulation of protein synthesis and anabolic pathways, direct activation of androgen receptors in target tissues, psychological effects, such as alterations in mood, motivation, and libido
Tsai AG
Aptamers as targeting ligands and therapeutic molecules for overcoming drug resistance in cancers
However, it's essential to consider the pros and cons of different administration methods
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