Unfolding of mucins is dependent on concentrations of bicarbonate, calcium, and sodium in the airway with high concentrations of extracellular calcium, acidic pH, or hyperabsorption of sodium preventing unfolding of the gel-forming mucins (Kesimer et al., 2010
A 2021 systematic review of 16 randomized controlled trials and 6,276 participants (Markun and colleagues, Effects of Vitamin B12 Supplementation on Cognitive Function, Depressive Symptoms, and Fatigue, Nutrients, 2021) found that B12 supplementation does not reliably reduce fatigue in people who are not deficient
Vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant that supports immune health and helps protect the body from oxidative stress
Oral BPC-157 Oral BPC-157 is a peptide therapy used to support the bodys natural recovery processes
Crosstalk between the immune system and neural pathways in interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome