Alzheimers disease (AD), the most common form of dementia worldwide 270,271 , is characterized at the molecular level by the accumulation of A plaques, tau neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), declined NAD + levels, mitochondrial stress, and impaired mitophagy, occurring first in the medial temporal lobe and eventually spreading to temporal and parietal cortices, and cortex 112,242,243,270,271,272
Extracellular NAD+ shapes the Foxp3+ regulatory T cell compartment through the ART2-P2X7 pathway
In PD cell models, GAPDH co-localizes with -syn in Lewy bodies, accompanied by reduced GAPDH activity [70]
10.1016/S2213-2600(16)30044-3 Lancet Respir Med
Functional testing, where appropriate, quantifies progress more objectively