The two incretins identified in humans, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), are primarily released from the ileum and jejunum, respectively
Although the tested doses (120 g/day) in these studies (Table 3) were not greater than the maximum acceptable percentage (10%) of Spirulina in functional foods (Table 2), no data are available on the efficacy of Spirulina containing foods
Here are a few of the most common types: Acetyl-L-carnitine: This type of carnitine is thought to benefit brain health and memory, as shown in animal studies, and has been processed so that its able to easily pass the blood-brain barrier
For instance, rapamycin, initially discovered as an antifungal agent, has now been extensively studied for its anti-cancer properties (Weng and Goel, 2022)
Calabrese F, Pasta A, Bodini G, et al