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One example is nuclear factor-2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor that plays a role in regulating inflammation and cancer prevention by up-regulating the genes that encode for antioxidant and detoxification enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione transferase (GST)

Wang C, An J, Bai Y, Li H, Chen H, Ou D, et al

Increased Oxidative Parameters and Decreased Cytokine Levels in an Animal Model of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

The short answer is that they need more research

Recent data also suggest that it plays a metabolic and inflammatory role in diseases such as multiple sclerosis, metabolic syndrome and diabetes, at least in part by influencing the effect of multiple environmental toxins, an underappreciated but surprisingly significant association