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Activated epithelial cells and innate immune cells also release pro-remodelling factors, such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligands, and transforming growth factor (TGF)- , which trigger goblet cell hyperplasia, EMT, fibroblast activation, and airway smooth muscle cell proliferation and hypertrophy ( 5.1 Epithelial structural changes in asthma Asthmatic airways show increased numbers of basal cells with an impaired proliferation and differentiation capacity, goblet cell hyperplasia and an imbalance in the production of mucins, with increased MUC5AC and reduced MUC5B ( Figure 2 ) (4850)

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PDF file Schick S, Glantz S Philip Morris toxicological experiments with fresh sidestream smoke: more toxic than mainstream smoke Tobacco Control 2005

These included biodegradable or hybrid composites aimed at reducing environmental impact

Each one is then hand-inspected and crown-folded by our production team before packaging