Competitive activity will increase as low-cost manufacturers enter advanced device categories
We used the GBD 2019 India-specific mortality rates (approximately 0.84 million male and 0.17 million female smoking-related deaths in 2019, totaling 1.01 million) as the basis for our life-table calculations
Next, we step-wisely removed potential pleiotropic SNPs from the above PRSs to obtain the valid-PRSs, again based on a pre-defined set of P -value thresholds for the exploratory GWAS (i.e., 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5)
The rise and fall of lung cancer mortality rates closely follow trends in tobacco use, albeit with at least a 25-year lag, reflecting the delayed impact of smoking on public health
The Ministry of Health and Prevention (MOHAP) plays a crucial role in overseeing the sale, possession, and use of vape products