Studies were included if they involved: OST users of any gender (population), assessed NRT as the intervention, had placebo, no intervention, or other behavioral support interventions (comparison), reported 7-day point prevalence OST abstinence or reduction at week 12 (outcome) and published randomized and non-randomized trials in English between 2004 and June 2024 (study designs)
Each prefilled cartridge is approximately equal to 1 pack of traditional cigarettes
As the most prominent and informative effect in terms of dynamics of appearance of phantosmia was OD duration, we further explored the type of function that best fitted this relationship between phantosmia frequency and OD duration by performing a series of regression models (linear [increase or decrease?], quadratic [increase followed by decrease?], logarithmic [increase followed by plateau?])
7C, the mRNA expression of IL-1 and IL-6 in HMEECs was significantly increased by a 24-h stimulation with CSC at concentrations of 20, 40, and 80 g/mL
As youth e-cigarette use remains a serious public health threat, with over 2.5 million middle and high school students reporting current e-cigarette use in 2022, the proliferation of unauthorized e-cigarettes underscores the urgent need for comprehensive regulation and enforcement
