The Maillard reaction, a non-enzymatic browning process between amino acids (e.g., lysine) and reducing sugars (e.g., glucose), is ubiquitous in the cooking of many foodsresponsible for the characteristic flavors and colors of bread crusts, seared meats, and roasted coffeeand presents a complex interplay of benefits and risks 35
[DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 377.Bruun D.E.R
Studies have documented potential reductions in visceral adipose tissue (abdominal fat), which is associated with metabolic disease risk, along with improvements in fat-free mass
In contrast, an overdose of APAP causes hepatotoxicity by saturating the sulfation pathway and generating NAPQI that leads to a robust reaction between NAPQI and hepatic glutathione stores, which subsequently depletes glutathione (Xie et al., 2015)